Biology uses generative systems. Genomes consist of an alphabet of four nucleotides, which, together with certain rules for how to produce proteins and organize cells, generates an unlimited variety ...

Nearly 7,000 different languages are spoken across the world. But how these languages evolved has long been a source of debate. Now, a group of German researchers has uncovered exactly how language ...

The 'myth' of language history: languages do not share a single history but different components evolve along different trajectories and at different rates. A large-scale study of Pacific languages ...

The Modern Greek language has some aspects that would totally baffle a native English speaker for various reasons.

Paul Ibbotson does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond ...